Luxemburg, also named the Grand Duchy Luxemburg, is a small country in between Germany, France and Belgium. The probation service exists of nineteen probation officers and three secretaries. The team also includes two craftsman that take care of the offenders serving community sanctions.

The probation service is part of a bigger organisation named Service Central d’Assistance Sociale (SCAS). In this organisation all the social services in Luxemburg are gathered, for example the child protection service, probation service, victim support and the “tutorship” service for persons placed under protective measures/guardianship.

Positives

Claude Kettel describes his country as a “small village”. According to him it has a lot of positives working in a team with only a few co-workers: “In a small organisation it is possible to work with a very personal approach. Our continuous care (end-to-end) model is efficient and very thorough, considering the closeness of the relationship. This is generally a very positive aspect, but sometimes you get to close to the person, so you have to preserve your impartiality. But there are more advantages: “We are surrounded by big neighbour countries, that often make us realise how small we actually are. This leads naturally to having an open mind regarding different or new thinking and practice.”

In Luxemburg probation officers also get the opportunity to pick up many different tasks. Claude Kettel is for example in charge of electronic monitoring, prison treatment groups/meetings, pardon commissions and financial aid to released prisoner. “When you work in a small team like ours, you have to be very flexible.”

Challenges

Working for the Luxemburg Probation Service also comes with some challenges. One of these challenges for Claude Kettel is building up a network of volunteers. “The public often tends to be not so open-minded and even avoidant when it comes to ex-detainees. We need to see if this model can be used in Luxemburg.”

The population of Luxemburg is getting more diverse and multicultural through the years, according to Claude Kettel this unfortunately also results in a high rate of foreign prisoners in Luxemburg. “This is not an easy challenge. The reintegration of some of these offenders tends to be very difficult here.”

Differences

Although the probation officers in Luxemburg do work that is very comparable to the work of probation officers in other countries, there are also many differences. “Some topics, like radicalisation, are not an issue for Luxemburg. It does not mean that those subjects do not attract our interest, but I have to admit that it certainly has not got as much attention as in other countries, like France or Germany.”

Luxemburg is too small to have training facilities for probation officers, which is, according to Claude Kettel, not a bad difference. “The lack of such programmes had the advantage that we were forced to reach out to other countries and participate in their training programmes, which had the positive effect that we got wider perspectives, and insight in different national systems.”

Another important difference between the Luxemburg Probation Service and  bigger organisations is the fact that they have been rather free to develop their own internal organisational structure. “Big countries have ministerial divisions in charge of the theoretical and practical organisation of the work, we had to develop most of our methodology by ourselves. This was only done in agreement with our hierarchic chief, the Delegate of the Prosecutor General.”